Pantoum

 If you liked the sestina, you are going to love the pantoum. Well, you could give it a try anyway. This is a fifteenth century Malaysian form based on repetition, with an indefinite number of four-line stanzas that sometimes rhyme. The repetition is more integral to the form than the rhyme. Lines 2 and 4 of the first stanza become lines 1 and 3 of the next stanza. The 2nd and 4th lines of the second stanza become the 1st and 3rd of the next. The poem is often wrapped up by using the 1st and 3rd lines of the 1st stanza in the very last stanza, as either 2nd and 4th or the 4th and 2nd of the last stanza. That last option would make the first line of the poem also be the last line. In A Poet’s Glossary Hirsch says this is like a snake eating its tail.

From The Handbook of Poetic Forms (Padgett): Part of the pleasure of the pantoum is the way its recurring lines gently and hypnotically twine in and out of one another, and the way they surprise us when they fit together in unexpected ways. In a pantoum “the reader takes four steps forward, then two back” making it the “perfect form for the evocation of a past time.” The Making of a Poem by Mark Strand and Eavan Boland.

Here are some examples to make it all clear. (Ha!) If it’s not clear, then just make it fun. Keep in mind that sometimes there is a further twist - the subject matter of the poem may be two topics seemingly related but woven over each other until, as quoted above, “they fit together in unexpected ways.”  

Pantoum by John Ashbery

Eyes shining without mystery,

Footprints eager for the past

Through the vague snow of many clay pipes,

And what is in store?

                

Footprints eager for the past,

The usual obtuse blanket.

And what is in store

For those dearest to the king?

                

The usual obtuse blanket

Of legless regrets and amplifications

For those dearest to the king.

Yes, sirs, connoisseurs of oblivion,

                

Of legless regrets and amplifications,

That is why a watchdog is shy.

Yes, sirs, connoisseurs of oblivion,

These days are short, brittle; there is only one night.

 

That is why a watchdog is shy,

Why the court, trapped in a silver storm, is dying.

These days are short, brittle; there is only one night

And that soon gotten over.

                

 Why, the court, trapped in a silver storm, is dying!

Some blunt pretense to safety we have

And that soon gotten over

For they must have motion.

                

Some blunt pretense to safety we have:

Eyes shining without mystery

For they must have motion

Through the vague snow of many clay pipes.

 

Descent of the Composer   Airea D. Matthews

 

When I mention the ravages of now, I mean to say, then.
I mean to say the rough-hewn edges of time and space,
a continuum that folds back on itself in furtive attempts
to witness what was, what is, and what will be. But what

I actually mean is that time and space have rough-hewn edges.
Do I know this for sure? No, I’m no astrophysicist. I have yet
to witness what was, what is, and what will be. But what
I do know, I know well: bodies defying spatial constraint.

Do I know this for sure? No, I’m no scientist. I have yet
to prove that defiant bodies even exist as a theory; I offer
what I know. I know damn well my body craves the past tense,
a planet in chronic retrograde, searching for sun’s shadow.

As proof that defiant bodies exist in theory, I even offer
what key evidence I have: my life and Mercury’s swift orbits, or
two planets in chronic retrograde, searching for sun’s shadow.
Which is to say, two objects willfully disappearing from present view.

Perhaps life is nothing more than swift solar orbits, or dual
folds along a continuum that collapse the end and the beginning,
which implies people can move in reverse, will their own vanishing;
or at least relive the ravages of then—right here, right now.

Author’s note: “The pantoum ‘Descent of the Composer’ seeks to interrogate the uncertain emotional landscape of an addict in recovery. The repetitious nature of the form suggests relapse, but the subtle shifts in diction and syntax welcome possibility.”
—Airea D. Matthews
Descent of the Composer by Airea D. Matthews - Poems | poets.org

And here is one of my own, originally published in my book Breathe Here. One of my favorite high school teachers assigned us a term paper at the beginning of the year saying it would be due in April. He also told us not to say, when it was due, that we had been sick recently. “I’m just going to ask - where were you in November?” I’ve thought of that over the years and wrote about it when I was going through a divorce and I’d swear I’d already said or we had already discussed something.

Where Were You In November?

For Mr. Ernie Ratten, Mount View High School, Thorndike, Maine

 

Fidgety Mr. Ernie Ratten assigned a term paper,

saying “Don’t tell me in April that you were sick.

Where were you in November?

That’s what I’ll ask you.”

 

I remember “Don’t tell me in April that you were sick.”

because didn’t I tell you in September?

We’re done with each other. That’s why I ask you,

because I remember Mr. Ernie Ratten tried to keep us honest.

 

Didn’t I tell you in September?

The class had time and now we have time enough

that we should try to stay honest with each other

even as we know the marriage is falling apart.

 

There should be time enough

for us to plan ahead

because we know we are falling apart.

The class still had plenty of time

 

as he tried to teach us to plan ahead.

You and I ignore the signs.

The class still had plenty of time,

but you never want to know what’s next.

 

You and I ignore the signs.

Just as the class had work to do,

we have to face what’s next.

I can only ask you now.

 

The class had work to do

when Mr. Ernie Ratten assigned a term paper,

but I ask us again now.

Where were we in November?

 

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